Equilibrium of Particles - Examples & Applications

Mathematical Theory Examples

Example 1: Basic 2D Particle Equilibrium

A 200 kg200\text{ kg} crate is suspended by two cables, AB and AC, attached to a ceiling. Cable AB makes an angle of 4545^\circ with the horizontal, and cable AC makes an angle of 3030^\circ with the horizontal. Determine the tension in each cable to keep the crate in equilibrium.

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Example 2: Intermediate 3D Particle Equilibrium

A particle is acted upon by three forces:
  • F1={10i20j+15k} N\mathbf{F}_1 = \{10\mathbf{i} - 20\mathbf{j} + 15\mathbf{k}\}\text{ N}
  • F2={5i+10j10k} N\mathbf{F}_2 = \{-5\mathbf{i} + 10\mathbf{j} - 10\mathbf{k}\}\text{ N}
  • F3={F3xi+F3yj+F3zk} N\mathbf{F}_3 = \{F_{3x}\mathbf{i} + F_{3y}\mathbf{j} + F_{3z}\mathbf{k}\}\text{ N}
Determine the components of F3\mathbf{F}_3 required for the particle to be in equilibrium.

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Example 3: Advanced Equilibrium with Multiple Unknowns

A particle is suspended by three cables anchored to walls. The forces acting on the particle in equilibrium are W={200j} NW = \{-200\mathbf{j}\}\text{ N} (weight), FA=FA{0.8i+0.6j} N\mathbf{F}_A = F_A\{0.8\mathbf{i} + 0.6\mathbf{j}\}\text{ N}, and FB={50i+FByj} N\mathbf{F}_B = \{-50\mathbf{i} + F_{By}\mathbf{j}\}\text{ N}. Find FAF_A and FByF_{By}.

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Case Studies: Conceptual Theory

Case Study 1: Spring Scales and Tension

Two spring scales are hooked end-to-end. One end is attached to a wall, and a person pulls the other end with a force of 50 N50 \text{ N}. What will each spring scale read, assuming they are light enough to be considered massless? Explain your reasoning.

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Case Study 2: Sag in Clotheslines

A person hangs a very heavy wet blanket exactly in the middle of a tightly strung horizontal clothesline. The clothesline sags slightly. Why is it impossible to pull the clothesline perfectly horizontal again without breaking it, no matter how hard you pull? Explain using the equilibrium equations for the point where the blanket hangs.

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