Experiment 12: Cells in Series and Parallel — Worked Examples

Six identical cells each have emf $1.50\,\text{V}$. Determine the ideal emf of the series-aiding string.

Six $1.50\,\text{V}$ cells are placed in one series string, but one cell is reversed. Determine the net emf.

Four matched cells are each rated $3.60\,\text{V}$ and $2.50\,\text{Ah}$. Determine the nominal voltage, capacity, and energy of a four-cell series string.

Four matched cells are each rated $3.60\,\text{V}$ and $2.50\,\text{Ah}$. Determine the nominal voltage, capacity, and energy when all four are connected in parallel.

A cell has emf $E=1.50\,\text{V}$ and internal resistance $r=0.50\,\Omega$. It supplies an external load $R=9.50\,\Omega$. Determine current, terminal voltage, internal power loss, and load power.

Two identical cells each have $E=1.50\,\text{V}$ and $r=0.50\,\Omega$. They supply a $10.0\,\Omega$ load. Determine the current for series and parallel arrangements.

A cell has open-circuit voltage $1.55\,\text{V}$. When it supplies $0.300\,\text{A}$, its terminal voltage is $1.40\,\text{V}$. Estimate its internal resistance.

A cell with internal resistance $0.40\,\Omega$ supplies a $3.60\,\Omega$ load. Determine the source efficiency in the simple internal-resistance model.

A $4.00\,\text{Ah}$ cell supplies $2.00\,\text{A}$. Determine the C-rate and the ideal capacity-based runtime.

Six matched cells are arranged as three cells in series per string and two equal strings in parallel. Each cell is rated $3.70\,\text{V}$, $2.00\,\text{Ah}$, and has internal resistance $0.060\,\Omega$. Determine nominal voltage, capacity, energy, and equivalent internal resistance.

Two cells have open-circuit voltages $1.60\,\text{V}$ and $1.40\,\text{V}$. Each has internal resistance $0.10\,\Omega$. Estimate the initial circulating current if they are connected directly in parallel without an external load.

Two cells measure $1.56\,\text{V}$ and $1.53\,\text{V}$ individually. Their measured series-aiding voltage is $3.06\,\text{V}$. Determine the expected voltage and percentage difference.