In civil
Airport planning, runway orientation, and geometric design.
Structural design of flexible pavements using AASHTO methods.
Cross-sectional elements including lanes, shoulders, and medians.
Design of horizontal curves, superelevation, and transition spirals.
Vertical curves, grades, and sight distances for safe highway profiles.
Construction methods, pavement failures, and maintenance strategies.
Properties and testing of soil, aggregates, and bituminous materials.
Overview of highway planning, classification, and route surveys.
Fundamentals of railway track components and geometric design.
Railway signalling, turnouts, and high-speed rail systems.
Thickness design and joint detailing for rigid concrete pavements.
Design and application of traffic signs, signals, and markings.
Traffic flow characteristics, volume studies, and speed analysis.