Example Problems

Example Problem 1: Calculate the primary consolidation settlement of a normally consolidated clay layer.

Example Problem 2: A clay layer ($H=10m$) is sandwiched between two sand layers (Double Drainage). The coefficient of consolidation $C_v = 4 \, m^2/year$. How long will it take for 50% of the primary consolidation to occur?

Example Problem 3: A normally consolidated clay layer $3 \, m$ thick is drained at the top only. The coefficient of consolidation is $1.5 \times 10^{-3} \, cm^2/s$. Time factor for $50\%$ consolidation is $0.197$. Calculate the time required for the clay layer to reach $50\%$ primary consolidation under a surcharge load.