A long-established automotive company releases its newest flagship sedan. It features a slightly more efficient combustion engine (5% better MPG) and an updated infotainment screen. Meanwhile, a new startup launches the first commercially viable, fully autonomous electric vehicle (EV) that requires no steering wheel. Classify these two innovations.

A major manufacturer of hard disk drives (HDDs) has spent decades optimizing magnetic storage, reaching the physical limits of data density. Solid-state drives (SSDs) are emerging as a new technology. Initially, SSDs are much more expensive per gigabyte and have lower total capacity than HDDs, but they are significantly faster and more durable. Apply the S-Curve concept to this situation.