Practical Example: Modular Programming & Function Anatomy
Refactoring Monolithic Code into Modular Functions
Problem Statement: The following code calculates the area of a rectangle and prints it in a single block. Refactor this code by creating a reusable function to calculate the area, demonstrating modular programming and function anatomy.
length = 5
width = 10
area = length * width
print(f"The area is {area}")
Step-by-Step Solution
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Practical Example: Variable Scope and Lifetime
Tracing Local vs. Global Variables
Problem Statement: Analyze the following Python code. Predict what will be printed at each step and identify the scope of variables
x and y.x = 10 # Line 1
def my_function():
y = 5 # Line 4
x = 20 # Line 5
print("Inside function x:", x)
print("Inside function y:", y)
my_function()
print("Outside function x:", x)
# print(y) would cause an error here
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Practical Example: Parameter Passing and Recursion
Pass-by-Value vs Pass-by-Reference in Lists (Python)
Problem Statement: In Python, integers are immutable (behaving like pass-by-value), while lists are mutable (behaving like pass-by-reference). Demonstrate how a function modifies a list passed as an argument.
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Tracing a Recursive Function (Factorial)
Problem Statement: Trace the execution of the recursive function
factorial(3) to determine the final return value. The function is defined as:def factorial(n):
if n == 1:
return 1 # Base Case
else:
return n * factorial(n - 1) # Recursive Case
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